The P-I-E-N-O Parkinsn's List Drug Database

botulinum toxin type A / Botox^TM

Classification:Autonomic Agents:

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

Indications blepharospasm, strabismus

Comments Description: Botulinum toxin type A is a parenterat toxin. It is used to treat strabismus and blepharospasm associated with dystonia. Botulinum toxin type A works by blocking neuromuscular conduction by binding to receptor sites on motor nerve terminals, entering nerve terminals, and inhibiting the release of acetylcholine. Botulinum toxin type A's paralytic effect helps reduce the excessive, abnormal contractions associated with blepharospasm.

Contraindications: None.

Drug Interactions: Aminoglycosides- The effects of the botulinum toxin can be potentiated by aminoglycosides.

Adverse Reactions: Strabismus, ptosis, vertical deviation, retrobulbar hemorrhage, irritation, excessive lacrimation, dry eyes, lagophthalmos, photophobia, erchymosis, rash.

Dosage:

For treatment of strabismus:

Adults: injection should be carried out only with electromyographic guidance. The toxin must be suitably diluted, and the volume injected should be between 0.05-0.15 ml per muscle, dependent on the extent of strabismus.

For treatment of blepharospasm:

Adults: Suitably diluted toxin, containing 1.25-2.5 U (0.05-0.1 ml), injected SC at each site.

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